Animal and Human Communication

Animal uses noises to communicate with another animals.Human also uses noises to communicate with other humans.The differences is that animal does not use its brain to produce the language or animals lacks the organ of speech to produce sounds.

According to Charles F.Hocket, a linguist, proposed design features of language:

1.Duality of patterning

It means that words consist of sound and phonemes/morphemes.We can devide sentence into the smaller units.

e.g.All students like the teacher

             S          P          O

      students comes from student

      teacher comes from teach

2.Recursiveness

Animal communication is context-bound.Meanwhile Human communication is context-free.It is about time and space.Human can tell about the past activity,present activity,but it is impossible for human.

3.Creativity

Human has many creation to create the words,the sentences by using simple formula.

e.g.From the word "eat" we can create many sentences

      I eat mango

      Sue eats banana

      Sue have eaten fried chicken, etc

4.Arbitrary

There is no inherent relation between symbol and sounds or symbol and its referents.

5.Learnability

The language is acquiried by human being is learnt.

6.Language is dynamic

The language always keep changing from time to time.The changes involve word, sounds, and meaning

7.Language is culture preserving and transmission

  -History in the past can be told by language from person to another person

  -To keep the document used by language

8.Interchangeable

There is a change of information between sender/speaker to receiver/hearer.